Neural Stem Cells in Response to Microenvironment Changes Inside and Outside of the Brain
نویسنده
چکیده
Neural stem cells/neural progenitor cells (NSCs/NPCs) residing in the neurogenic regions of the brain play a crucial role in brain development, brain plasticity, and brain repair. Recent progress in NSC/NPC research has advanced our understanding of the NSC/NPC niche and signaling networks controlling NSC/ NPC proliferation and differentiation. However, the natural behavioral of NSCs/ NPCs in response to physiological and pathological changes inside and outside the brain remains poorly understood. This chapter has summarized recent findings concerning NSC/NPC activity in the early stage of cortical brain ischemia and the hematopoietic stem cell growth factors in regulating NSC/NPC proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, future directions for NSC/NPC research are also discussed in this chapter. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 L.-R. Zhao, J. H. Zhang (eds.), Cellular Therapy for Stroke and CNS Injuries, Springer Series in Translational Stroke Research, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-11481-1_2 17
منابع مشابه
P 104: Effects of Human Neural Stem Cells in Cure Neuroinflammation of Traumatic Brain Injury
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as an external mechanical injury to the brain. Neuroinflammation plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of TBI. Microglia and astrocytes play a central role in the initiation and regulation of inflammation. Numerous pro-inflammatory mediators including cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) released by microglia. In ...
متن کاملDerived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Addiction Related Hippocampal Damages
The brain is an important organ that controls all sensory and motor actions, memory, and emotions. Each anatomical and physiological modulation in various brain centers, results in psychological, behavioral, and sensory-motor changes. Alcohol and addictive drugs such as opioids and amphetamines have been shown to exert a great impact on brain, specifically on the hippocampus. Emerging evidence ...
متن کاملEmergence of signs of neural cells after exposure of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to fetal brain extract
Objective(s): Nowadays much effort is being invested in order to diagnose the mechanisms involved in neural differentiation. By clarifying this, making desired neural cells in vitro and applying them into diverse neurological disorders suffered from neural cell malfunctions could be a feasible choice. Thus, the present study assessed the capability of fetal brain extract (FBE) to induce rat bon...
متن کاملHigh neuronal/astroglial differentiation plasticity of adult rat hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells in response to the effects of embryonic and adult cerebrospinal fluids
Hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells (hipp-NS/PCs) of the adult mammalian brain are important sources of neuronal and gial cell production. In this study, the main goal is to investigate the plasticity of these cells in neuronal/astroglial differentiations. To this end, the differentiation of the hipp-NS/PCs isolated from 3-month-old Wistar rats was investigated in response to the embryonic...
متن کاملIsolation, Induction of Neural and Glial Differentiation and Evaluating the Expression of Five Self Renewal Genes in Adult Mouse Neural Stem Cells
Purpose: Isolation, induction of neural and glial differentiation and evaluating the expression of Nucleostemin, ZFX, Hoxb-4, Sox-9 & Bmi-1 self renewal genes in adult mouse neural stem cells. Materials and Methods: Breifly, for isolation of neural stem cells, frontal part of adult mouse brain was minced in PBS and digested by enzyme solution, containing hyaloronidase and trypsin. Isolated cel...
متن کامل